Tratamiento quirúrgico de las úlceras por radionecrosis con colgajos músculo y fasciocutáneos / Surgical treatment of radionecrosis ulcers with myocutaneous and fasciocutaneous flaps

Resumen Introducción: La Ulcera con radionecrosis debe ser resecada ampliamente y reparada con colgajos miocutáneos y fasciocutáneos. Objetivo: Presentar el tratamiento quirúrgico de las úlceras por radionecrosis mediante colgajos Miocutáneos y Fasciocutáneos pediculados y microquirúrgicos. Materiales y Método: La casuística es de 31 pacientes portadores de úlceras por radionecrosis resueltas con colgajos miocutáneos y fasciocutáneos. Ellos han sido pediculados y microquirúrgicos. Las edades fluctuaron entre 30 y 75 años operados entre el 2000 y el 2019. Resultados: Se realizaron 19 colgajos musculares o miocutáneos y 12 fasciocutáneos en diferentes zonas del organismo. Los colgajos correspondieron a: temporal, latissimus dorsi de pedículo central y en reversa, latissimus dorsi microquirúrgicos, recto abdominal, escapular microquirúrgico, para escapular, gracilis, gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, cubital microquirúrgico, fasciocutaneos: cone flap y de rotación local. Las complicaciones fueron dehiscencia de herida operatoria suturada y celulitis tratada con antibióticos. No hubo necrosis completa de los colgajos. El seguimiento fue de 3 a 6 meses. Discusión: En esta serie hemos utilizados los colgajos músculo cutáneos de preferencia, los fasciocutáneos los hemos reservados para aquellos casos en los que por razones anatómicas, de localización de las úlceras, era más adecuado usar estos últimos, como en las lesiones planas o poco profundas. Generalmente los colgajos fueron pediculados y en determinados casos, cuando el tejido vecino de reparación no estaba disponible, realizamos colgajos con microcirugía. Conclusión: El tratamiento de las úlceras por radionecrosis es efectivo cuando se realiza desbridamiento exhaustivo con cobertura inmediata con colgajos musculares o músculocutáneos y fasciocutáneos. Fueron colgajos pediculados y microquirúrgicos.

Introduction: The radionecrosis ulcer have to be widely resected and repaired trough flaps with good blood supply who contibute with oxigen, nutrients and antibiotics. Thinking on this the more suitable flaps are the myocutaneous ones and in special conditions the fasciocutaneous. Aim: The objetive of this paper is to show the surgical treatment of radionecrosis ulcers with myocutaneous and fasciocutaneous flaps. Materials and Method: Casuistic is 31 patients with radionecrosis ulcers treated with, mainly, myocutaneous flaps and in special areas with fasciocutaneous ones. The majority were pedicle flaps and in less number microsurgical flaps. The age of patients were betwee30 and 75 years old. Results: 19 muscle or myocutaneous flaps and 12 fasciocutaneous flaps were made. Flaps were latissimus dorsi, temporal, escapular, para escapular, rectus abdominis, rectus femoris, gracilis, gatrocnemius, cone flap and local fasciocutaneous flaps. Complications were sutured operative wound dehiscence and cellulitis treated with antibiotics. There were no complete necrosis of any flap. Discusion: In this serie we used muscle or myocutaneous flaps because they give good blood supply, oxigen, nutrients and arrival of antibiotic with filling of the deep ulcers. When the ulcers were shallow we use fasciocutaneous flaps. The majority of our flaps were pedicles and microsurgical flaps were used when there was no near avialable tissue. Conclusion: The treatment have to be wide debridement of the ulcer. The surgical treatment is with myocutaneous and fasciocutaneous flaps sometimes pediculates and in others conditions microsurgicals.

Reconstrucción con colgajo peroneo posterior para cobertura de defectos del tercio distal de la pierna y el tercio proximal del pie / Reconstruction with posterior peroneal flap to cover defects in the distal third of the leg and the proximal third of the foot

El colgajo peroneo posterior es un colgajo fasciocutáneo, que está basado en 4 posibles fuentes como son perforantes fasciocutáneas de la arteria peronea, perforantes fasciocutáneas de la arteria tibial posterior, perforantes venocutáneas de la vena safena menor y perforantes neurocutáneas del nervio sural. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la técnica quirúrgica y demostrar la versatilidad que tiene el colgajo peroneo posterior para la reconstrucción y cobertura de defectos del tercio distal de la pierna y el tercio proximal del pie, proporcionando el potencial para el cierre simple y eficiente de dichos defectos. Este colgajo proporciona grandes ventajas debido a que es reproducible en cualquier centro quirúrgico y no requiere un entrenamiento específico en microcirugía del cirujano y del resto del equipo quirúrgico. Si bien las complicaciones existen, la mayoría no son graves y en general son de resolución simple. En los últimos años, se ha incrementado el empleo del colgajo fasciocutáneo peroneo posterior para lograr la cobertura de los defectos de partes blandas del tercio distal de la pierna y pie. El éxito de estos colgajos está relacionado con el tipo de paciente y de su lesión: el porcentaje es alto en pacientes jóvenes y sanos en quienes el origen del defecto es traumático.

The posterior peroneal flap is a fasciocutaneous flap, which is based on 4 possible sources such as fasciocutaneous perforations of the peroneal artery, fasciocutaneous perforations of the posterior tibial artery, venocutaneous perforations of the saphenous vein, and neurocutaneous perforators of the sural nerve. The objective of this work is to describe the surgical technique and demonstrate the versatility of the posterior peroneal flap for the reconstruction and coverage of defects in the distal third of the leg and the proximal third of the foot, providing the potential for simple and efficient closure of said defects. It provides great advantages because it is reproducible in any surgical center and does not require specific training in microsurgery of the surgeon and the rest of the surgical team. Although complications do exist, most are not serious and are generally of simple resolution. In recent years, the use of the posterior peroneal flap has been increased to achieve coverage of soft tissue defects of the distal third of the leg and foot. The success of these flaps is related to the type of patient and his injury, the success rate is high in young and healthy patients in whom the origin of the defect is traumatic.

Abordaje dermatofuncional en paciente post quirúrgico de colgajo fasciocutáneo / Dermato-functional approach of fasciocutaneous flap in post surgical patient

Introducción: Muchos de los traumatismos de gran impacto ocasionados por accidentes de tránsito producen fracturas expuestas en los miembros inferiores, con exposición de las partes blandas. Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente con diagnóstico de osteomielitis crónica de tibia izquierda, post operado de colgajo fasciocutáneo de gemelo interno e injerto de piel en la pantorrilla. Descripción del caso: Varón de 27 años internado 45 días en la Unidad de Cirugía Plástica del Hospital de Clínicas, recibe 16 sesiones de tratamiento kinésico, desde la etapa pre, post quirúrgica y alta hospitalaria. En la evaluación pre quirúrgica se observa una herida abierta en la zona de la pierna izquierda cubierta por apósitos y sistema de aspiración y compactación al vacío, cicatrices adheridas en la rodilla, limitación de la movilidad del tobillo y rodilla, secuela de las lesiones e intervenciones anteriores, es sometido a una cirugía reconstructiva a nivel de la pierna. Los objetivos kinésicos planteados fueron: educar al paciente y su familia sobre los cuidados del injerto y la cicatrización, mejorar la movilidad articular, flexibilidad, fuerza muscular, disminuir los acortamientos musculares y, flexibilizar las cicatrices adheridas. Discusión: Los traumatismos de alta energía en miembros inferiores se asocian con frecuencia a defectos de partes blandas y su reconstrucción puede ser una tarea desafiante, la rehabilitación física desde el cuidado post quirúrgico inmediato hasta el alta, devolvieron al paciente su máxima independencia funcional en un corto periodo de tiempo en tras un largo periodo de hospitalización.

Introduction: Many of the high impact injuries caused by traffic accidents produce compound fractures in the lower limbs, with soft tissue exposure. We are presenting the clinical case, diagnosed with chronic osteomyelitis of the left tibia, post-operated fasciocutaneous flap of the internal calf and skin graft in the calf. Case Description: A 27-year-old male patient is admitted to the Plastic Surgery Unit of the Hospital de Clínicas for 45 days, receives 16 sessions of kinesthetic treatment, from the pre, post-surgical and hospital discharge stage. In the pre-surgical evaluation, an open wound is observed in the area of the left leg covered by dressings and aspiration system and vacuum compaction, scars attached to the knee, limitation of ankle mobility and knee sequelae of previous injuries and interventions, is undergoing reconstructive surgery at the level of the leg. The kinesic objectives proposed were: educate the patient and his family about graft care and healing, improve joint mobility, flexibility, muscular strength and reduce muscle shortening, making the attached scars more flexible. Discussion: High-energy trauma in the lower limbs is often associated with soft-tissue defects and its reconstruction can be a challenging task. Physical rehabilitation from immediate postsurgical care to discharge has restored the patient's maximum functional independence in a short period of time after a long period of hospitalization.

Colgajo fasciocutáneo por pérdida del pulpejo. Presentación de un caso / Fasciocutaneous flap by soft flesh losses. Case Presentation

Introducción: Las pérdidas de sustancia de los pulpejos constituyen uno de los motivos de consulta más frecuentes en las salas de urgencias de traumatología. El pulpejo es el área del dedo con mayor densidad de terminaciones sensoriales, que constituyen el primer eslabón de conexión entre nuestro sistema nervioso central y el medio externo en cuanto a la sensación táctil se refiere. Objetivo: Evidenciar las ventajas del uso del colgajo fasciocutáneo pectoral presentando un caso con lesión del pulpejo del pulgar. Presentación del caso: Un paciente con pérdida traumática del pulpejo del pulgar, a quien se le realiza un colgajo fasciocutáneo pectoral, revisando las particularidades morfofisiológicas del sitio operatorio y el proceder. Conclusiones: Los conocimientos de Morfofisiología Humana tienen importancia y aplicación en diferentes procederes médico-quirúrgicos(AU)

Introduction: Soft flesh losses is one of the most frequent consult's reasons in traumatology's emergency wards. Soft flesh is the at;the finger with higher density of sensorial endings, which constitute the first link between our central nervous system and the external environment in terms of tactile sensation. Objective: to remark the advantage of the use of Pectoral fasciocutaneous flap through a Case Presentation. Case presentation: patient suffering a soft flesh traumatic loss of the tactile pad of the thumb, reviewing the morphophysiological specificities of surgery area and procedure. Conclusions: it is concluded that Human Morphophysiological knowledge are important in several medical-surgical procedures(AU)

Colgajo radial: experiencia del equipo de cirugía plástica de la Universidad de Chile / Radial forearm flaps: experience in ten patients

Background: Radial forearm flap is extraordinarily versatile thanks to its irrigation by the radial artery and its minor pedicles. It provides assorted alternatives for the reconstruction of proximal or distal defects of the arm and can be used as a free flap in head, neck, posterior trunk region, lower limb, esophagus and penis. It allows the incorporation of bone, tendons, nerves and muscle for complex lesion repair. Aim: To report our experience with radial forearm flap. Patients and Methods: Ten patients aged 20 to 65 years (four women) are reported. The lesions repaired were traumatic in four, infectious in three, secondary to tumors in two (a squamous intra oral adenocarcinoma in both patients) and vascular in one patient. Results: No patient had a partial or total loss of the flap. Five patients required complementary dermo epidermic grafts in a second intervention. Mean hospital stay was 30 days. All patients reported a favorable degree of satisfaction with the procedure. Conclusions: Radial forearm flaps are a good alternative for the repair of a great variety of lesions.

El colgajo radial, es un colgajo fasciocutáneo tipo II según Mathes y Nahai, de gran versatilidad gracias a su irrigación principal por la arteria radial y a sus pedículos menores, ofrece una amplia variedad de alternativas frente a la reconstrucción no sólo de defectos proximales o distales del brazo, sino que también es posible utilizarlo como colgajo libre en defectos de cabeza y cuello, porción posterior del tronco, extremidad inferior y reconstrucción de esófago y pene. Permite incorporar hueso, tendones, nervio y músculo para reparación de lesiones complejas, pudiéndose utilizar con flujo directo o flujo retrógrado. En el presente artículo, mostramos la experiencia adquirida por el equipo de Cirugía Plástica y Reconstructiva del Hospital Clínico de la Universidad de Chile en la utilización del colgajo radial, como alternativa de cobertura frente a diversos tipos de defectos. En nuestros resultados, el 100 por ciento de los pacientes evolucionó favorablemente, sin pérdidas parciales ni totales del colgajo; sólo algunos debieron recibir injertos dermo-epidérmicos (IDE) complementarios en un segundo tiempo, sin ningún otro procedimiento quirúrgico posterior al alta.

El colgajo fasciocutáneo en cono / Use of a new cone shaped flap to cover skin defects: experience in 108 patients

Background: A new type of fasciocutaneous flap with the shape of an ice cream cone that is formed by locally rotated and V-Y advance flaps joined together, that can be used to cover complex defects, was developed. Previously, the irrigation of these flaps was ascertained in the legs of ten corpses. Aim: To report the results with the use of this type of ice cream cone shaped flap. Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of 108 patients aged 20 to 52 years (99 males) in whom an ice cream cone shaped flap was used. Results: The defects covered were located in the leg in 27 percent, in the ankle in 10 percent, in the sole in 9 percent, in the heel in 8 percent and in other locations in the rest of patients. Eighty flaps (74 percent) had a good evolution, 11 (10 percent) had a major dehiscence, 13 (12 percent) had a minor dehiscence and 4 flaps (4 percent) had necrosis. Conclusions: This ice cream cone shaped flap is easy to use, safe and devoid of complications in most cases.

Se presenta un colgajo no descrito previamente en la literatura internacional ni nacional. El colgajo se denomina "en cono" por la forma final que se obtiene un barquillo de helado con su bocado. Consta de 2 colgajos acoplados: uno de rotación local y otro un avance en V-Y, ambos fasciocutáneos. Para comprobar su irrigación se practicó disección anatómica de las piernas de 10 cadáveres frescos inyectando azul de metileno y bario en la arteria poplítea. El resultado demostró un rico y amplio plexo tanto infra como supra fascial que irriga muy bien la piel de ambos colgajos a nivel de 1/3 distal de la pierna. Se realizó también un análisis geométrico del avance en V-Y para demostrar como los tejidos pueden avanzar y para determinar las dimensiones que debe tener este colgajo. Se operó 108 pacientes con lesiones en diferentes partes del organismo con complicaciones de un 3,7 por ciento. Los resultados permitieron determinar que el colgajo en cono es versátil, reproducible, sencillo y seguro de realizar. Es un colgajo que servirá para que los cirujanos plásticos resuelvan complejos problemas quirúrgicos en forma muy segura y a bajo costo.

Reconstrucción nasal: colgajo nasogeniano: presentación de un caso / Nasal reconstruction: nasolabial flap: introduction of a case

Los colgajos permiten reconstruir defectos restaurando su forma y función. El colgajo nasogeniano tiene características determinadas en cuanto a localización, tamaño, patrón circulatorio, vascularización, inervación y función. Algunas de estas propiedades pueden modificarse. Entre los años 1950-1960, se describen gran número de colgajos regionales de patrón axial, Bakamjian y McGregor desarrollan una importante variedad de colgajos en el área de cabeza y cuello de manera empírica, entre ellos el colgajo nasogeniano. Daniel y Williams confirmaron tres componentes en la vascularización del plexo subdérmico: segmentario, perforantes y vasos directos cutáneos. Millard en 1966, describe las unidades regionales para la nariz; y luego en 1985 Burget y Menick, definieron con detalle estas unidades y sub unidades para la reparación de defectos nasales. Se reporta el caso de un paciente, con antecedente de pérdida de ala nasal derecha, posterior a mordida en una discusión callejera, dando como resultado exposición de la cavidad nasal.

Flaps allow us reconstruct defects restoring nasal shape and function. Nasolabial flaps have certain characteristics regarding location, size, circulatory pattern, vascularization, innervation and function. Some of these properties can be modified. Between 1950 and 1960, a great amount of regional flaps of axial pattern are described. Bakamjian y McGregor develop an important variety of flaps in an empirical way in the area of the head and neck, the nasolabial flap is described among them. Daniel and Williams confirmed three components in the vascularization of the subdermic plexus: segmentary, perforating and direct cutaneous vessels. In 1966 Millard describes the regional units for the nose; and then in 1985 Burget and Menick defined in detail these units and sub units for the repair of nasal defects. The case of a patient is reported. He had a record of right nasal ala loss after a bite in a street fight, resulting in a nasal cavity exposition.

Cobertura de exposição de tela de marlex® pós reconstrução de parede abdominal: relato de três casos e revisão de literatura / Coverage of marlex® mesh extrusion after post-abdominal wall reconstruction: 03 case reports and review of the literatura

O uso de telas de material aloplástico na cirurgia de reconstrução da parede abdominal é freqüente em casos de trauma, infecção, ressecção de tumores ou até mesmo em necroses por radioterapia2,3,4,5,10,11. Apesar dessa técnica de cobertura ser de uso comum e rotineiro, em alguns casos, uma complicação é a sua exposição 2,5,6,7,8. Os retalhos são utilizados para proporcionar uma cobertura estável da tela exposta 2,3,5,8,9,11,14. Objetivos: esse trabalho descreve 03 casos de cobertura com retalho a ascio cutâneo de exposição de tela de polipropileno(Marlex ®), utilizada em situação da reconstrução de parede abdominal. Métodos: três pacientes foram submetidos à cirurgia parare construção da parede abdominal, em 20006, utilizando-se tela de polipropileno (Marlex ®). Todos evoluíram com exposição da tela. Dois eram do sexo masculino e um, do sexo feminino. No grupo masculino, um dos pacientes havia sido submetido à apendicectomia e evoluiu com fasceíte necrotizante. O outro paciente masculino teve reconstrução de parede abdominal decorrente de complicação de cirurgia para resolução de quadro de oclusão intestinal. A paciente do sexo feminino foi submetida à reconstrução da parede abdominal após peritoneostomia secundária à perfuração iatrogênica de intestino, decorrente de cirurgia ginecológica. Resultados: Os dois pacientes masculinos foram submetidos à cobertura da tela de Marlex® exposta, utilizando-seretalho inguinal, sendo que, em um dos casos, houve realização de retalho em um único tempo cirúrgico. No outro, houve reconstrução cirúrgica em dois tempos. A paciente feminina foi submetida à cirurgia com realização de retalho fasciocutâneo tipo abdominoplastia, em tempo cirúrgico único. Todos os três casos evoluíram bem, sem complicações pós-operatórias, tais como infecção ou necrose.

Background: posthetic mesh are used in abdominal wall reconstruction1,11 due to trauma, infection, tumor resection or even radiation necrosis2,3,4,5,10,11. Although this kind of coverage is widely used, exposure of the material used is a complication that is unlikely to happen2,5,6,7,8. Fasciouscutaneous flaps are used to provide a stable coverage of the exposed mesh2,3,5,8,9,11,14. Objective: thisworkdescribestree 3 casesofmes hexposure after abdominal wall reconstruction treated coverage using fasciouscutaneous flap and reviews the literature. Methods: Three patients undergone abdominal wall reconstruction in 2006 using polypropylene mesh (Marlex ®).All of them developed mesh exposure. Two were men and one was a woman. One of the men was submitted to appendicectomy and evoluated with necrotizing fasciitis; the second male patient suffered from bowel occlusion and the female pacient, was submitted to reconstruction after peritoneostomy due to iatrogenic bowel perforation duing a gynecologic procedure. Results: the two male patientsweresubmittedtomeshexposurecoverageusing inguinal flap. One of them was submitted to a one-step surgical act. The second male patient needed a two-step surgical act. The female patient was submitted to reconstruction using a one-step abdominoplasty flap. All of them evoluated well, with no post-surgical complications as infection or flap necrosis. Conclusions: although there are no statistical significancies in the three cases, we can say that fasciocutaneous flaps2,12,14 are a securemethodforcoverageofmeshexposureinprevious abdominal wall reconstruction.

Retalho livre anterolateral da coxa para reconstrução de extremidades / Free anterolateral thigh flap for extremity reconstruction

Introdução: o retalho livre anterolateral da coxa tem se tornado uma das principais opções para reconstrução de defeitos de partes moles de cabeça e pescoço, tronco e extremidades pelas suas específicas vantagens sobre outros retalhos. Pacientes e métodos: entre abril de 2005 e janeiro de 2007, 18 retalhos anterolateral da coxa foram realizados no Hospital Universitário Cajuru - PUC/PR para reconstrução de extremidades (15 membros inferiores e 3 superiores). Quinze retalhos eram perfundidos por perfurantes miocutâneas e 3 por septocutâneas do ramo descendente da artéria circunflexa femoral lateral; dezessete pacientes do sexo masculino e um do feminino; a idade variou de 7 a 51 anos. Dezessete pacientes apresentavam feridas resultantes de trauma e um após ressecção de tumor ósseo de perna. Resultados: dos 18 retalhos, um evoluiu com necrose por congestão.A área doadora foi fechada primariamente em 11 casos e em 7 com enxerto de pele parcial. Não houve comprometimento funcional da área doadora e o resultado estético foi aceitável. Conclusões: o retalho anterolateral da coxa representa excelente opção para cobertura de defeitos de extremidades. Além do pedículo vascular longo, apresenta tecido fino e vascularizado para cobertura de tendões e ossos, com ampla disponibilidade cutânea e mínimo comprometimento da área doadora.

Introduction: The free anterolateral thigh flap is becoming one of the most preferred options for head and neck, trunk and extremity soft tissue reconstruction because of its specifics advantages over other flaps. Patients and methods: Between April 2005 and January 2007, 18 fasciocutaneous anterolateral thigh flaps were transfer red for extremity reconstruction a tCajuru University Hospital (15 lower limbs and 3 upper limbs). Fifteen flaps were supplied by myocutaneous perforators and 3 flaps were supplied by septo cutane ous per for ator sofdescending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery. Seventeen patients were male; the age ranged from 7 to 51 years. Seventeenpatientshadwoundsresultingfromtraumaand one patient after a bone tumor ressection of leg extremity. Results: between the 18 cases, one flap overcame with necrosisby congestion. The donor site was primarily closed in 11 cases and with skin graft in 7 patients. There was no functional impairment in donor site and the aesthetic result was acceptable. Conclusions: the free anterolateral thigh flap represents an excellent option for covering extremity defects. Besides a long vascular pedicle, this flap has a thinand vascularized tissue for covering tend onsandbone, with availability of large amount of skin, and minimum donor-site morbidity.

Tratamento cirúrgico de meningomielocele no período neonatal / Urgical trearment of meningomyelocele defects in neonatal period

As meningomieloceles são defeitos congênitos de fechamento do canal medular, com gravidade variável. Os defeitos são encontrados principalmente na região lombossacra e há hidrocefalia em 80-90% dos casos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar uma série de pacientes operados por meningomielocele no período neonatal, no período de janeiro de 2001 a janeiro de 2003. Foram incluídos 22 pacientes no estudo, sendo 12 (54,5%) masculinos e 19 (86%) de etnia caucasiana. A maioria dos pacientes eram a termo (37,5±1,3 semanas) e com peso adequado para idade gestacional (2960,5±609,6 gramas). Foi realizada cesárea em 16 casos (72,7%). O fechamento foi executado da seguinte forma: primário em 5 casos (23%); "skin-over-skin" em 6 casos (27%); bipediculado fasciocutâneo bilateral em 5 casos (23%); bipediculado fasciocutâneo unilateral em 1 caso (5%); fasciocutâneo com pedículo superior em 2 casos (9%); bilobado fasciocutâneo em 1 caso (5%); fasciocutâneo em S em 2 casos (9%). Houve DVP em 18 casos (81,8%). As complicações ocorridas foram: deiscência de sutura (23%); necrose parcial (18%) e fístulas (14%). A técnica "skin-over-skin" e os retalhos fasciocutâneos são alternativas efetivas para o fechamento de meningomieloceles no período neonatal.

Purpose: To study the incidence surgical treatment oflargeth or acolumbar meningomyeloceles duringathree- year period in a Brazilian referral center. Patients and methods: We prospectively evaluated all patients submitted to surgical management of meningomyelocele by both the plastic surgery and neurosurgery teams of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre between September 2001 and August 2003. Results: Twenty four patients were included in this study, being 13 (54.2%) males and 21 (87.5%) of Caucasian ethnicity. Most patients were born at term (37,5±1,3 weeks) and with weight adjusted for gestacional age (2960,5±609,6 gram). The closing was executed of the following form: direct skin approximation in 5 cases (23%); "skin-over-skin" in 6 cases (27%); bilateral bipedicled fasciocutaneous flaps in 5 cases (23%);unilateral bipedicled fasciocutaneous flap sin 1 case (5%); superior pedicled asciocutaneous in 2 cases (9%); bilobed fasciocutaneous flap in 1 case (5%); bilateral fasciocutaneous flaps (S flap) in 2 cases (9%). V-P shunt was placed in 18 cases (81.8%). Suture dehiscence (23%); partial necrosis (18%) and fistulas (14%) were the main complications. Conclusion: Skin-over-skin and fasciocutaneous flaps are good alternative for reconstruction of meningomielocele sin the neonatalperiod.